Research ­topics

What motivates people to actively reduce their cancer risk? Our researchers have found, for example, that people make greater efforts to reduce their cancer risk if they know which lifestyle factors - such as diet, exercise or tobacco consumption - contribute to this. By researching new risk factors and their interactions, we are creating the basis for even more targeted prevention strategies.

Which biological processes and genetic changes lead to cancer? Our scientists are also analyzing this. In current studies, they are investigating mutations in early tumor stages, among other things, in order to identify starting points for preventive measures.

They are also investigating the role of viruses in the development of cancer. The most prominent example of this is the discovery that the human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cervical cancer. Professor Harald zur Hausen was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2008 for this groundbreaking discovery. His research paved the way for the development of a vaccine against HPV, which contributes to cancer prevention worldwide.

In order to reach as many people as possible, the DKFZ and German Cancer Aid are committed to ensuring that HPV vaccination programs are offered nationwide in schools and that comprehensive information about their importance for cancer prevention is provided. At the same time, the DKFZ is researching HPV vaccines that can be used worldwide, as well as therapeutic vaccines for the treatment of precancerous lesions in order to innovatively expand prevention and treatment.

How can cancer prevention be designed to take personal risks into account? Our researchers are working on developing personalized prevention strategies for different risk groups. In doing so, they take genetic and environmental risk profiles into account and analyze extensive health data.

For example, they are investigating how regular physical activity can reduce the risk of certain types of cancer.

Another example of research into risk factors in specific population groups is the PEARL study, the findings of which are intended to help develop new and effective strategies for preventing bowel cancer in young adults.

How can cancer be detected early enough to be treated successfully? Our researchers are developing innovative methods to make early detection even more precise, effective and accessible to all.

These include advanced imaging methods such as low-dose computed tomography (CT), which has proven particularly effective in the early detection of lung cancer. For example, the DKFZ's LUSI study showed that regular examinations with low-dose CT can reduce mortality from lung cancer.

Another concrete example is research on prostate-specific antigen (PSA): here it was shown that longer intervals between screenings are safe with low baseline values - thus avoiding unnecessary examinations.

We are also researching new biomarkers that can be used in stool and blood tests, for example, to detect cancer at a very early stage.

With these and other innovative approaches, we are contributing to the early and targeted detection of cancer, avoiding overdiagnosis and overtreatment and significantly improving the chances of treatment.

How can digital technologies help to make prevention and early detection more accessible, effective and personalized for everyone? With innovative digital solutions and technological advances, we want to set new standards in cancer prevention and make it accessible to everyone.

For example, our Digital Cancer Prevention working group, which is funded by German Cancer Aid, is working on the development of an app that helps citizens to better assess their personal cancer risk and adapt their behavior based on evidence-based recommendations. The aim is to fully leverage the potential of prevention.

At the same time, we rely on advanced digital technologies to make prevention measures more accessible and effective. In current projects, for example, our researchers are developing platforms and applications that evaluate large volumes of data in order to optimize both diagnostics and prevention strategies. These technologies help to improve prevention in a targeted manner and make it easier for citizens to access modern approaches.

How can the side effects of cancer treatments be mitigated and long-term consequences better managed? Our researchers are also investigating this question and developing approaches to enable those affected to live a better life after cancer..

One example is the LIFT project, which shows how targeted exercise therapies can help to alleviate side effects such as fatigue and noticeably improve quality of life. Similarly, psychological resilience programs promote mental well-being and help to prevent relapses.